New analysis to be introduced at this 12 months’s European Congress on Weight problems (ECO 2025, Malaga, Spain, 11-14 Might) exhibits that the internationally acknowledged physique mass index (BMI) cut-off factors enormously overestimate obese and weight problems in male athletes. The research, from Italy, additionally proposes new cut-off factors for obese and weight problems on this group.
Physique mass index (BMI) is a key technique for measuring individuals’s weight standing, defining whether or not they have regular weight, obese or weight problems. It’s simply calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kilograms by the sq. of their peak in metres. A BMI of 25 kg/m2 or above is in indicator of obese and a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or above signifies weight problems in white women and men of all ages, in keeping with World Well being Organisation’s (WHO) categorisation system.
Nevertheless, some analysis has discovered that this classification system is probably not good at figuring out obese and weight problems in athletes and its use on this group has lengthy been topic to criticism.
BMI would not distinguish between physique fats and lean mass, which incorporates muscle. Because of this, a muscular athlete with low physique fats will be wrongly labeled as residing with obese or weight problems. Regardless of this, many sports activities organisations nonetheless depend on the standard BMI classification system.”
Professor Marwan El Ghoch, Division of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, College of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
In a brand new research, Professor El Ghoch and researchers from the College of Verona in Italy and Beirut College in Lebanon got down to decide how correct the BMI cut-offs of 25 and 30 kg/m2 are at figuring out obese and weight problems in male athletes and, in the event that they have been discovered to be inaccurate, to determine higher cut-offs.
The cross-sectional research concerned 622 males (common age of 25.7 years, BMI ≥ 20 kg/m2) who had been referred to the Division of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Motion Sciences, of the College of Verona, Italy, and took part in sports activities together with soccer, rugby, basketball, volleyball, cross-fit, karate and others at a aggressive degree.
The contributors have been categorised utilizing the present BMI system and by their physique fats share (BF%).
Utilizing the present BMI system, greater than 1 / 4 of the people have been categorised as residing with obese or weight problems. Some 451 (72.5%) people have been of regular weight (BMI 18.5-24.99 kg/m²), 148 (23.8%) people have been with obese (25 kg/m²-29.9 kg/m²) and 23 (3.7%) have been with weight problems (30 kg/m² and above).
Whole physique fats share (BF%) was measured utilizing twin X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans – recognized to be a extremely correct instrument for measuring physique composition – in keeping with age- and gender-specific cut-off factors. A BF% of 21% or above was labeled as obese and a BF% of 26% or above was labeled as weight problems.
Utilizing this method, fewer than 4% of the people have been categorised as residing with obese or weight problems. Some 598 (96.1%) people have been of regular weight, 19 (3.1%) have been with obese and 5 (0.8%) have been with weight problems.
Professor El Ghoch, who led the research, says: “This demonstrates that the present BMI cut-off factors are clearly flawed in figuring out weight standing in athletes, as most of the athletes have been misclassified as residing with obese or weight problems, the place in actuality, only a few had physique fats ranges on this vary.”
The researchers went on to make use of statistical modelling to establish extra correct BMI cut-off factors for younger male athletes. The brand new cut-offs, which keep in mind athletes’ decrease BF%, are 28.2 kg/m2 for obese and 33.7 kg/m2 for weight problems.
Examine co-author, Professor Chiara Milanese, of the College of Verona, explains: “Though DXA scans measure physique composition precisely, they aren’t all the time obtainable in sports activities settings. In distinction, weight and peak, the 2 measures wanted to calculate BMI, are simple to acquire and, with the brand new BMI cut-offs that we recognized, BMI could possibly be a extremely great tool in sports activities golf equipment, each at coaching grounds and in competitions.
“A direct evaluation of physique composition stays the gold commonplace however, in its absence, we encourage sports activities organisations and committees to undertake the brand new BMI classification system.”
The authors add that a number of additional items of analysis are wanted. These embody figuring out new cut-offs for feminine athletes and, probably, particular cut-offs for various sports activities, notably these weren’t included within the present research.
Supply:
European Affiliation for the Examine of Weight problems
